Government Got What It Asked for in Housing Bust
By Caroline Baum / Bloomberg
In its rush to hold hearings, assign blame and seek redress for the collapse of the housing market, the U.S. Congress has looked every which way but inward.
No wonder. Homeownership-for-all has been a goal of policy for so long lawmakers have forgotten the role they played in the current spate of ``no-doc'' loans gone bad.
From legislation to root out discrimination in mortgage lending, to the resultant relaxation of lending standards, to the tax-advantaged status of housing, ``the aggressive pursuit of homeownership as a benchmark for success is at the root of the problems we're seeing today,'' says Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Economy.com.
Reasonable people can disagree over the extent to which the 1977 Community Reinvestment Act, designed to eliminate the practice of ``redlining'' minority neighborhoods and denying those residents credit, contributed to today's rising default and foreclosure rates among subprime borrowers. But most agree that government policy played some role.
The CRA was designed to ``encourage depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they operate,'' according to its Web site.
Banks would probably say ``encourage'' understates the thrust of the law. Any bank interested in expanding through mergers and acquisitions had to earn enough points from minority lending to get regulatory approval, says Bob Litan, senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington.